Taking into account the composition of the liquid residue, which was found to have a high nitrogen content and an organic composition mainly consisting of phenols, it was decided to evaluate the growth of ligninolytic fungi as the first enhancement approach. Ligninolytic fungi are a group of fungi capable of growing on lignocellulosic material.

Preliminary results showed that the medium consisting of the liquid fraction coming out of the HTC process supported the growth of the selected filamentous fungi.